This Is How Secure Your Java Apps From End To End Will Look Like In 10 Years Time.

It requires a source of high-quality randomness. Many of the early Netscape Navigator vulnerabilities derived directly from a nonrandom source. Keys generated from this source had an effective key length much less than the advertised key length and therefore were easier to decipher. On a more mundane note, the predictability (lack of randomness) of many passwords facilitated by the user makes it easy to guess. Some security vulnerabilities stemming from implementation failures are bad enough, but they are still vulnerabilities that arise from poor design decisions, lack of foresight, or insufficient understanding of the language or characteristics of the library.

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These defects are often intertwined with both the logic of the application that it is difficult to eliminate them without killing the patient. The failure of InterBase mentioned above provides an excellent example of project failure. Boot issues. The Java expert knows that the new operator is not the only way to create new instances. Both deserialization and cloning create fully functional instances. 

You can use both mechanisms to subvert the carefully constructed security of a class by introducing instances that do not follow the rules. It is wise to overcome cloning and deserialization.

Visibility (whether a class or a member is public or private) and extensibility (whether the subdistribution can extend a class or method) provides important tools in the toolbox of a software developer. However, both, if not used correctly, can generate subtle vulnerabilities. In the case of subclasses, a subclass can change the implicit contract in the superclass. Existing code, with its dependence implicit in the implicit contract, may break or malfunction in ways that affect application security.

The solution: Liberally use the final keyword, which prevents redrawing through subclasses. Likewise, if the inner workings and state of a class are not protected by the judicious use of the private keyword, a class may be exposed to unexpected modifications by classes added later to a package. Do not hold secrets. The failure of the InterBase project provides an excellent example of why you should not include secrets in an application. The secrets, often in the form of passwords or encrypted data, are never completely secure from a specific attacker. And once the secret is compromised, the genie is out of the bottle. The sun made mistakes. Through direct experience, I have come to respect many Sun engineers. As talented as they are, they make mistakes like you and me.

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 On February 23, Sun announced the discovery of a security breach in JDK. In his words, a vulnerability in certain versions of the Java Runtime Environment could allow malicious Java code to execute unauthorized commands. However, the permission must have been granted to run at least one command to exploit this vulnerability. The flaw allowed untrusted Java code, run within a secure JVM, to invoke any executable (that is, format) if the code has been enabled to invoke at least one executable (ie echo) under certain circumstances.

 It is very likely that the error has not been detected for so long because the exploration of the error was based on the existence of a race condition with a narrow window of opportunity. The failure was in the exec () method of the java.lang.Runtime class. I am trying to get the following code to be used in the process: public void (), public void (), public void (); . . // Do some things. . . . // Obtain the security administrator. SecurityManager securitymanager = System.getSecurityManager (); // Check the first element of the command array, which // should be the name of the invoked executable. Make sure you have // executable privilege. (securitymanager! = null) securitymanager.checkExec (arstringCommand [0]); // Now, invoke the executable. return execInternal (arstringCommand, arstringEnvironment); }

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See the problem? The error is found in the last three lines (comments and white space are excluded). First, the security manager checks the executable name to see if execution permission was granted in the policy file. Second, the code executes the command. Oops! In a multi-threaded environment, the contents of the parameter arrays can change between these two steps. As the two-parameter arrays The input is used directly, the caller still maintains references to them and can modify their contents.

The solution: Copy the two input arrays immediately and copies instead of the originals. Return to Best Practices You can detect many flaws that lead to security vulnerabilities through good old software development practices. Clear requirements, formal design reviews, formal code reviews and extensive testing will reveal many flaws and improve overall software quality. Next month, I'll explore the ultimate security context: network security. Bodd Sundsted has written programs since computers were available in desktop models. While originally interested in building distributed applications in C ++, Todd switched to the Java programming language when it became the obvious choice for this kind of thing. In addition to writing, Todd is co-founder and chief architect of PointFire, Inc.